Combined incubator and nursery.



PATENTED OCT. 2, 1906.

G. S. NEWSOM.

COMBINED INGUBATOR AND NURSERY.

APPLICATION FILED NOV. 11, 1905.

4 SHEETS-SHEET 1.

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COMBINED INGUBATOR AND NURSERY.

APPLICATION FILED NOV. 11, 1905.

4 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

I INVENTOH HARLES SNEwsoM WITNESSES" ATTORNEYS No. 832,151. PATENTEDOUT. 2, 1906. G. S. NEWSOM.

COMBINED INOUBATOR AND NURSERY.

APPLICATION FILED NOV, 11, 1905.

g 4 SHEETS SHEET 3.

WITNESSES.

//v CHAHLESSNEWSOM ATTORNEYS No. 832,151. PATENTED OCT. 2, 1906.

' G. S. NEWSOM.

COMBINED INGUBATOR AND NURSERY.

APPLICATION FILED NOV. 11, 1905.

4 SHEETS-SHEET 4.

Z a/g6 CHARLES SMewsoM v UNITED STATES CHARLES S.

NEWSOM, OF ATHENS, OHIO.

COMBINED INCUBATOR AND NURSERY.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Oct. 2, 1906.

Application filed November 11. 1905- Serial No. 286,873.

To all whom it may concern.-

Be it known that 1, CHARLES S. NEWSOM, a citizen ofthe United States,and a resident of Athens, in the county of Athens and State of Ohio,have invented .a new and useful Combined Incubator and Nursery, of whichthe following is a specification.

My invention includes improvements in an incu ator proper and anattachment thereof adapted to serve as a nursery or preliminaryreceptacle for chicks as hatched in the incubator above. These twopartsto wit, the incubator and nurseryare constructed and arranged tocooperate in a novel and advantageous way, and each includes featuresthat are of great practical importance in hatching, caring for, andprotecting chicks.

The details of construction, arrangement, and operation of arts are ashereinafter described, the nove features being specifically indicated inthe claims.

In the accompanying drawings, Figure 1 is a perspective view of thecombined incubator and nursery. Fig. 2 is a perspective view of one ofthe segmental water-heaters. Fig. 3 is a perspective view of theincubator and nursery combined, one of the egg-trays or c lindersbeingshown partly withdrawn and t e top being shown open. Fig. 4 is a centralvertical longitudinal section of theapparatus. Fig. 5 is a verticaltransverse section on line 5 5 of Fig. 4. Fig. 6 is a perspective viewof the multiple cylinder egg-holder. Fig. 7 is a perspective view ofportions of the segmental water-heaters, together with the slide uponwhich the newly-hatched chicks slide down into the nursery. Fig; 8 is anend view of one of the wire cylinders containing theeggs to be hatched.Fig. 9 is a longitudinal section of the front end of one of suchcylinders. Fig. 10 is a front view illustrating the compression of thefront end of an eggholder cylinder for the purpose of releasing thedevice which normally closes the same; and Fig. 1 1 is a horizontalsection of the front end portion. of the apparatus, which particularlyillustrates the arrangement of the waterheaters, and a slide arrangedbetween and be-.

low them for conducting chicks into the chamber below which constitutesthe nursery.

A indicates the body or casing of the incubator pro er, and B thenursery or broodingchamber elow it. These two parts are constructed soas to form a compact whole and supported by pairs of legs 1'.

The incubator is provided with a hinged top door 2, (see especially Fig.3,) and a thermostat 3 (see Fig. 1) is applied thereto and so arrangedas to regulate the escape of heat (See filling-tube 9 is provided forthe heater, and

at long intervals a little water is re uired to be su plied to theheater, the same lling an annular space therein and circulating throughthe tubes 10 and 11, (see Fig. 1,) which communicates with segmentaldrums or water heaters 12. (See Fig. 2.)

It will be understood that the tubes 10 v conduct hot water, and thesomewhat cooler or less heated water returns b the tubes 11 to theheater C. Thus a'circu ation is maintained in each of the heaters 12,there being two tubes 10 11 connected with each, as shown. As shown inFig. 2, the respective tubes 10 and 11 connect with the heaters atpoints 10 and 11.

The arrangement of the heaters 12 in the casin A are as illustrated inFig. 5, (see also ig's. 3, 7, and 11)that'is to say, they are arrangedopposite each other along the curved sides of the body A, but spacedtherefrom and also from the multlple-cylinder egg-holder D, so that airmay circulate freely around them. The heaters 12 extend the entirelength of the casing A, and their lower edges are separated somewhatwidely, as indicated in Fig. 5, so that a suitable space exists betweenthem for a purpose hereinafter stated.

The egg-holder D is. constructed and arranged as follows: It is composedof a series of long woven-wire cylinders having a rather fine mesh, andthe same are arranged in a circle in two parallel disks 14, (see Fig.6,) having a corresponding series of openings from which the cylindersmay be withdrawn, but in which they are held normally by friction, so asto retain their due position. The two disks 14 are connected by woodenbars 15. The supporting-frame formed by means of said disks and bars isprovided with a central tube or hollow axle 16, which is adapted toreceive and slide upon a hollow axle 17, (see Fig. 4,) the same beingfixed in the rear end 18 of the casing A. Its ends are closed byremovable wooden plugs 20, which have no other function. Thereinforcing-plate 18 is secured to said end 18, and a nut 19 is appliedto the outer threaded end of the axle 17, and a corresponding nut 19 isarranged on the inner side of the head or end 18 of the casing. When themultiple cylinder eggholder is mounted upon the fixed axle or shaft 17,it is adapted to revolve easily on the axle for the purpose of turningthe eggs as required during the hatching operation. Each of the wirecylinders 13 is open at its front end and provided thereat wlth aclosure (see Figs. 6, 8, 9, and 10) comprising a wire or cross-bar 21and a ball or disk 22, applied to the middle portion thereof. The saidwire is hinged on one side of the cylinder, and its opposite or free endprojects normally through the meshes on the other side of the cylinder,as shown in Figs. 6, 8,9. In such position the closure prevents eggsrolling outof the cylinder; but space is provided on each side of thebar and the ball for chicks to pass out. In order to release the closureas required for the insertion of eg s, the end of a cylinder iscompressed laterall as indi cated in Fig. 10, whereby the twocorresponding sides are separated more widely, so t at the free end ofthe bar 21 is drawn out of mesh, as will be readily understood.

it will be understood that for the purpose of filling the egg-holderwith eggs the cylin- ('lers maybe removed and filled individually orseparately or that the entire holder comprising the cylinders and theframe in which they are held may be removed altogether. It will be notedin Fig. 4 that while the rear closed ends of the several egg cylindersor tubes 13 are close to the rear end of the casing A their front openends are spaced from the front end of the casing or particularly fromthe door 23 thereof. Since light has access to the interior ofth-e'hatchingchamber through the glass door, the chicks will promptlyfind their way to the front of the tubes, where they will drop from thetubes '13 in the space between them and the end of the casing and slidedown onto the floor 26. (See Figs. 3, 4:, 7, and 11.} The incline 2 1isformed by means of a metal sheet or wooden plate arranged at an angleof thirty-five to forty-five degrees and is attached at its upper end tothe front end 25 of the casing A, while its lower inner end rests uponthe floor 26, and the latter is the top of a box orchamber 30. As shown,the slide 24 is arranged at one end of the space that separates the twosegmental side water-heaters 12, and since the latter extend up to thefront end of the casing it is obvious that they also form side slidesupon which the chicks will pass down onto the said slide 24 in case theyfall first upon such heat- =ers instead of the central slide.

A space which serves as nursery or brooding-chamber for thenewly-hatched chicks lies between the top 26 of the heating-box 30, thesides of the casing A, and the lower portion .of a multiple egg tray andthe side heaters 12. Y

The side doors 27 are narrow and extend the length of the casing A andare provided with glass panes 28, which admit light to the nursery. Thedoors are suitably secured in practice by means of buttons or otherfastenings and may be opened to admit fresh air, when desired, and alsofor removing the chicks and for other purposes. Directly above the doors27, the sides of the casing, Figs. 1 and 5, small openings 29 areprovided for admission of air. The said 0 enings are formed in a longnarrow hinged apor door 29, which may be 0 ened, as shown by full lineson the right 0 Fig. 5, when it is desired to allow freer admission offresh air than the openings 29 would ermit. The floor 26 is preferablycovere with chaff. The air-chamber 30 (seeFigs. 4 and 5) receives heatfrom the lamp through the medium of the tube 31 and which is providedwith an air-discharge tube 32 at the front end of the apparatus.

It will be understood that a .current of heated air or unconsumed gasesof combustion ass constantly into and through the chain er 30 when theapparatus is in use, and the top of the tube 4 (see Fig. 4) is closed bythe damper. In other words, the chamber 30, with its end tubes 31 32,serves as a draft for the lamp when the tube 4 is closed. Thus the heatof the lamp not needed for heating the water in the reservoir C and theside drums 12 is utilized for the "nursery proper and also equalizes theheat in the lower portion of the incubator proper. The separation ordivision between the lower edges of the water-heaters 12 allows freepassage of heated air. The division of the heaters and their arrangementin the casing A facilitates their insertion and removal through the enddoor 23 of the casing. Their o posite ends are adjustably connected witht e tubes 10 and 11, which are constructed of rubber or thin metal, andthus possess a due degree of flexibility.

It will be perceived that the chicks in the nursery, being entirelyclear of the hatchingchamber, breathe air of a lower temperature andthat the air may be freshened or renewed at will by the side .doors 27,which also permit convenient removal ofthe chicks at any stage of thehatching process, while facilitating examination or feeding of thechicks, as maybe required.

It will be understood that the chicks when hatched and dried will, as arule, find their way to the front of the egg-holder without ICC In thedrawings, Fig. 4, the wire cylinders are shown crowded to their fullcapacity; but in practice a single row of eggs within a cylinder will bethe ordinary condition.

Having thus described my invention, what I claim as new, and desire tosecure by Letters Patent, is-

1. In an incubating apparatus, the combination with a casin and afixedaxle-support, of a rotatable an removable egg-holder, comprisingparallel disks rigidly connected and provided with correspondingopenings and an axle to receive the said support, and a series of wirecylinders or egg-trays, having one end closed and the other open andprovided with a temporary detachable closure, the cylinders beingarranged slidably in the support, as shown and described.

2. In an incubating apparatus, the combination with a casing and an axlefixed in one end oft-he same and thus supported rigidly in the center,of a rotatable and removable egg-holder comprising circular supports andegg-trays therein, and a central axis adapted to slide and rotate uponthe said central support, substantially as described.

3. In an incubating apparatus, an eggholder having a series of wirecylinders for hoiding eggs, the same being open at one end and providedthereat with a rotatable closure which serves to retain the eggs in thecylinders, substantially as described.

4. In an incubating apparatus, the combination with an egg-holding traymade in cylindrical form and of flexible material and constructed withone end open, of a closure or device for holding eggs in the cylinder,the same consisting of a bar hinged at one side of the cylinder and itsfree end projectin through the opposite side and provided wit acentrallyrojecting portion, substantially as describe 5. In anincubating apparatus, an e gholder comprising a flexible wire cylin erhaving an open end provided with a device adapted for closing the sameto prevent escape of eg s, and separated from the sides of the cylin erto allow space for passage of chicks, substantially as described.

6. In an incubating apparatus, an eggholder comprising a flexible wirereceptacle having an open endand a closure comprising a bar which ishinged at one side of the receptacle and its free end held normally inthe mesh on the opposite side, the end of the cylinder beingcompressible, whereby the said device may be released in the mannerdescribed.

7. In an incubating apparatus, the combination with an egg-holder havingan. open end, of a device attached thereto and extend ing across themouth of the holder, a space being left on the side of the device forpassage of chicks, substantially as described 8. In an incubatingapparatus, a multi pin cylinder egg-holder, comprising a rotatable frameor support having a central opening for the reception of an axle. and aseries of wire cylinders held detachably in such support and arran cd ina circle therein, substantially as described.

9. In an incubating apparatus, the combination with a casing having acircular end door, of segmental water-heaters arranged at oppositepoints within the casing and made of less width than the diameter of thedooropenin substantially as described.

10. 11 an incubating a paratus, the combination with a casing an awater-heater, of water-holders 12, made in segmental form and arrangedwithin the casing at o posite points, and tubes connecting one en of thecut heights on the latter, whereby a circulation of hot water ismaintained in the holders 12, substantially as described.

11. In a combined incubator and nursery, the combination with thecasingand combined watenholders and heaters arranged on opposite sidesof said casing interiorly, and spaced apart at their lower edges, of aneggtray arranged between the said water-ho ers and heaters, and meansfor heating the bottom of the casing as shown and described.

12. The improved incubator and nursery combined, the same com rising acasing, water-heaters arranged wit in the same and on opposite sidesthereof, an egg-holder arranged between the said heaters, a heating boxor chamber arranged in the lower portion of the casin its to forming thebottom of the cham er in which the egg-holder is located and thehatching occurs, a lamp and waterholder located exteriorly to thecasing, tubes connecting said water-holder with the Waterextending fromthe lamp to the heating-box below the nursery, whereby heat from thelamp is utilized. in the hatching-chamber and for the bottom of thesame, substantially as described.

13. The combination with the casing, of an egg-holder arranged. therein,segmental water-heaters arran ed below and laterally from suchegg-holder, and separated at their lower edges, a heat-receiving chamberarranged below the water-heaters, whereb the said heaters serve asslides upon which c icks may descend into the space between and be lowthem, substantially as described.

14. The combination with the casing, an egg-holder arranged in itschamber, segmental water-holders arranged on opposite sides of theegg-holder and separated at their lower edges, and a slide arranged atthe front end of the casing below and intermediately of thewater-heaters, and a heated box, whose top forms the bottom of thechamber containing the said water-holders, substantially as described.

same with the water-heater proper at difier-' heaters in thehatching-chamber and a tube 15. The combination with the chambered ingand projecting inward and downward, casing and .egg-holder therein, of afloor whereby it is adapted to guide chicks upon IO forming the bottomof the casing-chamber in the floor when escaping from the egg-holder,which the egg-holder is located, the latter besubstantially asdescribed.

5 ing spaced om the front end of the casing, CHARLES S. NEWSOM.

and the ends of the egg-trays being open for Witnesses:

assage of chicks; and a slide 24 arran ed be MARGARET M. HAYES, EJW theegg-holder and at the end of t 6 cas- W. E. PETERS.

